Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Earth

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The water cycle involves three main phases, related to the three states of water: solid, liquid, and gas. Ice, or solid water, is most common near the poles and at high altitudes. Ice sheets and glaciers hold the most solid water. The leading Tolkien critic of the present generation . . . Garth . . . fills this new book with beautiful, opulent maps and photographs that animate the lush atmosphere of Tolkien's real and conjured worlds and yield great visual pleasure. At the same time Garth provides deep access to Tolkien's craft."— Choice

Accompanied with numerous genealogical tables and a unique Chronology of the First Age, it will provide an indispensable aid to every reader’s discovery of Tolkien’s world. J.R.R. Tolkien’s works of epic adventure and fantasy, The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion have delighted many millions of fans since they were first published, and are now more popular than ever before.What John Garth adds to the ever-proliferating pile of Tolkien-related media is a careful eye and steady step. [In The Worlds of J.R.R. Tolkien,] [h]e explores the intersections between this world and that of Tolkien’s 'legendarium'. He traces inspirations from what the author saw, and how they may likely have evolved into what can be gleaned from his tales, letters, drafts, and sketches. . . . Whether new to Middle-Earth or a veteran pilgrim, anyone will learn much in this book."—John L. Murphy, New York Journal of Books

Most of Earth’s history took place in the Pre cambrian, which began when Earth was cooling and ended about 542 million years ago. Life began in the Precambrian, in the forms of bacteria and other single-celled organisms. Fossils from the Precambrian are rare and difficult to study. The Precambrian supereon is usually broken into three eons: the Hadean, the Archaean, and the Proterozoic. At the same time that it revolves around the sun, Earth rotates on its own axis. Rotation is when an object, such as a planet, turns around an invisible line running down its center. Earth’s axis is vertical, running from the North Pole to the South Pole. Earth makes one complete rotation about every 24 hours. Earth rotates unevenly, spinning faster at the Equator than at the poles. At the Equator, Earth rotates at about 1,670 kilometers per hour (1,040 miles per hour), while at 45° north, for example, (the approximate latitude of Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States) Earth rotates at 1,180 kilometers per hour (733 miles per hour). All living or once-living materials contain carbon. These materials are organic. Plants and other autotrophs depend on carbon dioxide to create nutrients in a process called photosynthesis. These nutrients contain carbon. Animals and other organisms that consume autotrophs obtain carbon. Fossil fuels, the remains of ancient plants and animals, contain very high amounts of carbon. city and ocean themed earth animated, Earth, Earth, Green Earth, environmental protection, material Taobao, globe, environmental, green Vector png 3288x2849px 5.82MBJupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune all have atmospheres made mostly of hydrogen and helium. These planets are called gas giants, because they are mostly made of gas and do not have a solid outer crust.