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David B. Haytowitz, DB, Wu, X, Bhagwat, S USDA Database for the flavonoid content of selected foods, Release 3.3 Agricultural Research Service. (2018 Mar)
Manach C, Scalbert A, Morand C, Rémésy C, Jiménez L Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability Am J Clin Nutr. (2004 May) The USDA database was developed in 2004 and has included flavonoids in subsequent versions [ 151], based on a compilation of data from the literature. The USDA update on reported apigenin data in food items was subdivided into: dairy and egg products, spices and herbs, fats and oils, soups, sauces and gravies, fruits and fruit juices, vegetables and vegetable products, nuts and seeds, beverages, baked products, and sweets [ 151]. Apigenin is a flavonoid that’s widely distributed in the plant kingdom. It acts as a free-radical scavenger and antioxidant that diminishes oxidative stress. Meyer H, Bolarinwa A, Wolfram G, Linseisen J Bioavailability of apigenin from apiin-rich parsley in humans. Ann Nutr Metab. (2006)Nile SH, Keum YS, Nile AS, Jalde SS, Patel RV Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and enzyme inhibitory activity of natural plant flavonoids and their synthesized derivatives. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. (2018-Jan) Yano S, Umeda D, Yamashita T, Ninomiya Y, Sumida M, Fujimura Y, Yamada K, Tachibana H Dietary flavones suppresses IgE and Th2 cytokines in OVA-immunized BALB/c mice. Eur J Nutr. (2007-Aug) Patel D, Shukla S, Gupta S Apigenin and cancer chemoprevention: progress, potential and promise (review). Int J Oncol. (2007-Jan) Several natural bioactive compounds for improving learning and memory, as well as some active and passive anti-amyloid-β and anti-tau immunotherapies using synthetic peptides or monoclonal antibodies (mAb), have been reported as promising candidates for further treatment of patients with Alzheimer’s disease [ 113, 114, 115, 116].
Uncover the truth about popular supplements like creatine, turmeric, garlic, zinc, melatonin, and more. Plus, we’ll debunk myths surrounding multivitamins, testosterone boosters, and immune supplements. Arsić I, Tadić V, Vlaović D, Homšek I, Vesić S, Isailović G, Vuleta G Preparation of novel apigenin-enriched, liposomal and non-liposomal, antiinflammatory topical formulations as substitutes for corticosteroid therapy. Phytother Res. (2011-Feb) In a clinical trial on 40 women, apigenin cream increased skin density and elasticity while reducing wrinkle length. In cells, it reduced the damage caused by UV radiation [ 6]. Firstly, the results from Huh and colleagues ( 13) suggest that Apigenin stimulates hair growth via the downregulation of the TGF-beta1gene. Secondly, Apigenin may be effective at treating inflammatory skin conditions and has a natural UV-protective effect. Additionally, research has shown Apigenin to improve the skin’s extrinsic immunity ( 14). Improves Heart Health Borges G, Fong RY, Ensunsa JL, Kimball J, Medici V, Ottaviani JI, Crozier A Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of apigenin and its glycosides in healthy male adults. Free Radic Biol Med. (2022-May-20)
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Gradolatto A, Basly JP, Berges R, Teyssier C, Chagnon MC, Siess MH, Canivenc-Lavier MC Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of apigenin in female and male rats after a single oral administration. Drug Metab Dispos. (2005-Jan) Apigenin is a flavone (a subclass of bioflavonoids) primarily found in plants. It is frequently extracted from the plant Matricaria recutita L (chamomile), a member of the Asteraceae (daisy) family. In foods and herbs, apigenin is often found in the more stable derivative form of apigenin-7-O-glucoside. [6] The relevance of pharmacokinetics of apigenin in this review is that it determines how much apigenin consumed orally is available to the human gut microbiota. A summary of ADME and drug interactions of apigenin can be found in the review by Tang et al. [ 4]. In this section, information is provided to show that oral bioavailability of apigenin is poor; it is either excreted unabsorbed in the urine or feces or rapidly metabolized after absorption [ 4]. 5.1. Absorption