Lattoferrina 200 Immuno 30 Stick Pack PromoPharma

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Singh PK, Parsek MR, Greenberg EP, Welsh MJ (May 2002). "A component of innate immunity prevents bacterial biofilm development". Nature. 417 (6888): 552–5. Bibcode: 2002Natur.417..552S. doi: 10.1038/417552a. PMID 12037568. S2CID 4423528. Lactoferrin belongs to the basic proteins, its isoelectric point is 8.7. It exists in two forms: iron-rich hololactoferrin and iron-free apolactoferrin. Their tertiary structures are different; apolactoferrin is characterized by "open" conformation of the N-lobe and the "closed" conformation of the C-lobe, and both lobes are closed in the hololactoferrin. [22] Groves ML (1960). "The Isolation of a Red Protein from Milk". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 82 (13): 3345. doi: 10.1021/ja01498a029.

Non a caso le donne Parsi nell'India Occidentale, avendo un livello di RNasi nel latte molto inferiore rispetto ad altri gruppi, mostrano tasso di cancro al seno tre volte superiore alla media ( Human milk samples from different ethnic groups contain RNase that inhibits, and plasma membrane that stimulates, reverse transcription).Zhao X, Zhang X, Xu T, Luo J, Luo Y, An P. Comparative Effects between Oral Lactoferrin and Ferrous Sulfate Supplementation on Iron-Deficiency Anemia: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2022;14(3):543. View abstract. Dial EJ, Hall LR, Serna H, et al. Antibiotic properties of bovine lactoferrin on Helicobacter pylori. Dig Dis Sci 1998;43:2750-6. View abstract. The moonlighting glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ( GAPDH) has been demonstrated to function as a receptor for lactoferrin. [35] Bone activity [ edit ] Regarding Lf's antiviral effect against SARS-CoV-2, some significant studies have been conducted based on the analysis of different parameters ( 73, 81, 101, 102). In one of these in-vivo studies, 75 patients with a positive result at IgM/IgG rapid test have participated. Each patient took liposomal bLf syrup (32 mg of Lf/10 ml) with four to six doses, each dose containing 10 mg/10 ml syrup, every day for 10 days. The patients who were given syrup were observed for 10 days at least twice a day then they were investigated again after 30 days. As a result of the investigation, Lf treatment had shown a positive effect and all patients had a faster recovery when compared with the control group ( 81).

Più abbondante nel colostro rispetto al latte di transizione e di mantenimento, la lattoferrina risulta inoltre tipica dei granulociti neutrofili, cellule immunitarie con funzioni di difesa da infezioni batteriche e fungine.Itell HL, Berenz A, Mangan RJ, Permar SR, Kaufman DA. Systemic and mucosal levels of lactoferrin in very low birth weight infants supplemented with bovine lactoferrin. Biochem Cell Biol. 2020 Aug 25. View abstract. At least 60 gene sequences of lactoferrin have been characterized in 11 species of mammals. [15] In most species, stop codon is TAA, and TGA in Mus musculus. Deletions, insertions and mutations of stop codons affect the coding part and its length varies between 2,055 and 2,190 nucleotide pairs. Gene polymorphism between species is much more diverse than the intraspecific polymorphism of lactoferrin. There are differences in amino acid sequences: 8 in Homo sapiens, 6 in Mus musculus, 6 in Capra hircus, 10 in Bos taurus and 20 in Sus scrofa. This variation may indicate functional differences between different types of lactoferrin. [15] Troost FJ, Saris WH, Brummer RJ. Recombinant human lactoferrin ingestion attenuates indomethacin-induced enteropathy in vivo in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003;57:1579-85. View abstract. Administration of lactoferrin through drinking water to mice with weakened immune systems and symptoms of aphthous ulcer reduced the number of Candida albicans strains in the mouth and the size of the damaged areas in the tongue. [65] Oral administration of lactoferrin to animals also reduced the number of pathogenic organisms in the tissues close to the gastrointestinal tract. Candida albicans could also be completely eradicated with a mixture containing lactoferrin, lysozyme and itraconazole in HIV-positive patients who were resistant to other antifungal drugs. [66] Such antifungal action when other drugs deem inefficient is characteristic of lactoferrin and is especially valuable for HIV-infected patients. [67] Contrary to the antiviral and antibacterial actions of lactoferrin, very little is known about the mechanism of its antifungal action. Lactoferrin seems to bind the plasma membrane of C. albicans inducing an apoptotic-like process. [64] [68] Anticarcinogenic activity [ edit ]

Drobni P, Naslund J, Evander M. Lactoferrin inhibits human papillomavirus binding and uptake in vitro. Antiviral Res 2004;64:63-8. View abstract.

Di Mario F, Aragona G, Dal Bo N, et al. Use of bovine lactoferrin for Helicobacter pylori eradication.Dig Liver Dis 2003;35:706-10. . View abstract. Per esaminare in che modo la lattoferrina possa influire sulle ossa, è stata utilizzata in forma arricchita con ribonucleasi.

In another study considering the saliva analysis of COVID-19 patients ( 102), three groups of participants were selected, which were either non-infected or infected before 7 days or recovered from the virus for at least 2 months. All saliva samples of participants were analyzed by real-time PCR for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. In addition, several parameters including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 (Cytokines), Lf, lysozyme, IgG, IgA, and IgM were analyzed by the ELISA method. In the results, the Lf amount was recorded lower in the infected patients when compared with the non-infected group. This indicates that there might be a relationship between the observed cytokine storm—an aggressive inflammatory response—and a decrease of Lf in the COVID-19 patients. The indication is also supported in another review article about Lf's potential reducing effect on SARS-CoV-2 induced cytokine storm ( 15). Lf's immune system modulating function might control the excessive stimulation of immune system that is led to creation of cytokine storm. The human lung and saliva contain a wide range of antimicrobial compound including lactoperoxidase system, producing hypothiocyanite and lactoferrin, with hypothiocyanite missing in cystic fibrosis patients. [71] Lactoferrin, a component of innate immunity, prevents bacterial biofilm development. [72] [73] The loss of microbicidal activity and increased formation of biofilm due to decreased lactoferrin activity is observed in patients with cystic fibrosis. [74] In cystic fibrosis, antibiotic susceptibility may be modified by lactoferrin. [75] These findings demonstrate the important role of lactoferrin in human host defense and especially in lung. [76] Lactoferrin with hypothiocyanite has been granted orphan drug status by the EMEA [77] and the FDA. [78] Necrotizing enterocolitis [ edit ]Motoki N, Mizuki M, Tsukahara T, et al. Effects of lactoferrin-fortified formula on acute gastrointestinal symptoms in children aged 12-32 months: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Front Pediatr. 2020 May 19;8:233. View abstract. Bethell DR, Huang J. Recombinant human lactoferrin treatment for global health issues: iron deficiency and acute diarrhea. Biometals 2004;17:337-42. View abstract.